Vocabulary

Here are some vocabulary words for family members and various places (of work):

Sentences

Here are some example sentences using these words. The verb عمل is in the “present” tense here, which means a prefix is attached (ي) for male, singular third person (”he”) and for female, singular third person (”she”), a ت is attached. And to make father, mother, brother, or sister possessive (e.g. “my brother”), a suffix is attached to the noun. In this case, the suffix is for first person singular (”my”), which is a ي.

والدي يعمل في مستشفى - My father works in a hospital.

والدتي تعمل في مدرسة - My mother works in a school.

أخي يعمل في المطار - My brother works at the airport.

أخي يعمل في مصنة - My brother works in a factory.

أختي تعمل في مطعم - My sister works in a restaurant.

أختي تعمل في متحف - My sister works in a museum.

A demonstrative is a word such as “this” and “that”, used to refer to a specific object, person, or entity.
In Arabic, demonstratives agree with the noun in gender, as well as number. To refer to a single masculine object, you use the word هَذا (hatha) - this. For a female object, use the word هذِهِ (hathahi) - this.
For example:
ٌٌٌٌهذا الخبزُ لذيذٌ (hatha al-khubzu lathithun) - This bread is delicious.
هذه التفاحةُ حلوٌ (hathahi al-tuffahatu hulwun) - This apple is sweet.
Both of the above sentences are nominal sentences, with words in the nominative case with a damma (”u”) or double damma (”un”) ending. The demonstrative makes the words “apple” and “bread” definite.
To refer to an object that is far, you would use say “that” instead of “this. In Arabic, the word ذلِكَ (thalika) is used with masculine objects, and تِلكَ (tilka) is used with feminine objects.